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Macbeth Act 1 Scene 3: Witches’ Prophecy, Macbeth’s Ambition, and Banquo’s Insight | Summary, Analysis & Paraphrase

Preparation Time:

Revision Time:

Class

Type of Lesson

120 Minutes

40Minutes

Class 11

Play/Drama

Introduction

In Act 1, Scene 3 of Shakespeare’s Macbeth, the eerie landscape of the Scottish heath becomes the stage for a chilling turning point. Macbeth and Banquo, returning victorious from battle, encounter the three witches—figures of dark magic and ambiguous intent—who deliver a cryptic prophecy that ignites Macbeth’s ambitions and foretells Banquo’s royal legacy. The scene brims with supernatural tension, paradoxical riddles, and psychological unrest. As Ross and Angus arrive with news that confirms part of the prophecy, Macbeth begins to wrestle with his inner desire for power. This scene marks the beginning of his moral descent and introduces the central conflict of fate vs. free will, setting the tone for the tragedy that unfolds. Through side-by-side paraphrasing, character insights, and critical commentary, this breakdown will help readers and students understand the dramatic and thematic weight of this pivotal moment in the play.

Content / Text / Explanation



Three eerie witches gathered on a bleak heath, preparing a spell under stormy skies in Macbeth Act 1 Scene 3.
Three withered witches in ragged cloaks, standing hand in hand on a storm-ravaged moor under a dark sky. Mist swirls at their feet. One holds a toad, another stirs a small cauldron, and the third raises a severed thumb.




A witch angered by a sailor’s wife refusing chestnuts, showing the witches’ petty cruelty.
A grotesque witch glaring at a sailor’s wife who refuses to share chestnuts. The wife sits on a stool under a tree, her lap filled with chestnuts. The witch's hand is raised in anger.


A witch sailing magically in a sieve, referencing supernatural travel in Macbeth Act 1 Scene 3.
A witch sailing across a dark sea in a wooden sieve, her silhouette lit by lightning. She resembles a rat without a tail, gliding unnaturally over the waves.




Witch holding a pilot’s severed thumb, showcasing their control over death and fate.
A pale hand holding a shriveled human thumb wrapped in cloth, with dark sea waves crashing in the background. The witch grins as she reveals it.


Macbeth and Banquo arrive at the heath, shrouded in mist and battle fatigue.
Macbeth and Banquo approach through the misty moor, wearing weathered military armor with swords sheathed. A drum is heard in the distance as they appear on horseback.




The witches hailing Macbeth as Thane of Glamis, Cawdor, and future king.
The three witches greeting Macbeth, one by one, raising their arms as they chant “All hail, Macbeth!” Macbeth looks surprised and cautious.


Banquo questioning the strange witches while Macbeth reacts fearfully to their prophecy.
Banquo, wary and curious, tilts his head while pointing at the witches. Behind him, Macbeth is visibly shaken. The witches stand frozen, finger on lips.






Witches predicting Banquo’s descendants will be kings in Macbeth Act 1 Scene 3.
The witches turn toward Banquo, foretelling his royal legacy. One stretches her finger as if drawing a bloodline across the horizon.

The witches vanish mysteriously, leaving Macbeth and Banquo in shock.
A gust of wind and a swirl of fog as the witches vanish into thin air. Macbeth and Banquo stare at the empty space in disbelief.





Ross and Angus arrive on the heath to deliver Duncan’s message to Macbeth.
Ross and Angus, two noblemen in cloaks, enter from the left with urgency. The storm begins to settle behind them as they approach the generals.




Macbeth being informed he is now Thane of Cawdor, confirming the witches’ prophecy.
Ross extends his hand as he formally names Macbeth the Thane of Cawdor. Macbeth stands stunned, one hand to his chest, Banquo watching carefully.




Banquo warns Macbeth that evil may use truth to deceive in Macbeth Act 1 Scene 3.
Banquo, eyes narrowed, warns Macbeth: “The instruments of darkness tell us truths…” The setting sun throws his shadow long across the moor.


Questions / Answers / Assessment /Quiz



Macbeth hesitates before accepting his new title, symbolized by a “borrowed robe.”
Macbeth stares at a richly embroidered robe held out to him, unsure whether to put it on. The robe glows subtly, contrasting with his rugged armor.




Macbeth in an aside, debating fate and ambition after hearing the prophecy.
Macbeth steps away from the group, looking inward and conflicted. His hand is on his sword hilt, and the storm clouds behind mirror his inner turmoil.



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