This lesson is designed to help students identify and correct common grammatical mistakes that can hinder clear and effective communication. Through a series of exercises, students will explore errors related to subject-verb agreement, pronoun usage, prepositions, verb forms, possessives, and more. Each sentence provided contains a specific grammatical error, and students must choose the option that correctly identifies and corrects it.
By the end of this lesson, students will develop a keener eye for spotting these errors and gain confidence in applying proper grammar rules. The skills learned here will strengthen their writing and speaking abilities, supporting success in academic tasks, exams, and beyond. This lesson encourages attention to detail and reinforces the foundational rules of English grammar, making it an essential part of developing strong language proficiency.

The Seven Ages of Man by Shakespeare is a reflective monologue from As You Like It, where the character Jaques outlines the seven stages of human life: infancy, childhood, adulthood, middle age, old age, and death. Using the metaphor of life as a play, Shakespeare explores the transient nature of existence, highlighting the physical, emotional, and social changes individuals undergo. The poem’s universal themes of growth, ambition, love, and mortality offer a poignant commentary on the human experience.

The Last Leaf is a moving short story by O. Henry that delves into the themes of hope, sacrifice, and the transformative power of art. The narrative is set in a modest flat in an old building in New York City, where two young artists, Sue and Johnsy, share a close friendship. When Johnsy falls seriously ill with pneumonia during a cold November, her spirit wanes, and she becomes consumed by a fatalistic belief: she will die when the last leaf falls from the ivy vine outside her window.
Despite Sue's efforts to lift Johnsy's spirits by distracting her with conversation and care, Johnsy remains fixated on the leaves, counting them down as they fall one by one. In a desperate bid to save her friend, Sue confides in Behrman, an older artist living on the ground floor who has long dreamed of painting a masterpiece. Behrman’s reaction to Johnsy's plight sparks a chain of events that culminate in a powerful act of self-sacrifice.
In a stormy night, Behrman ventures out to paint a single leaf on the wall, ensuring that Johnsy believes it remains despite the harsh winds and rain. His selfless act not only saves Johnsy’s life by rekindling her will to live but ultimately leads to his tragic demise from pneumonia after braving the elements.
The story concludes with the revelation that the painted leaf is Behrman’s true masterpiece, embodying the themes of sacrifice and the impact of hope on the human spirit. O. Henry’s narrative weaves a poignant tale that illustrates the importance of love and friendship in overcoming despair, leaving readers with a lasting message about the beauty of altruism and the resilience of life.

"Song of the Rain" by Kahlil Gibran is a poetic celebration of rain, personifying it as a life-giving force that nurtures and beautifies the earth. Through rich imagery and spiritual symbolism, the rain is portrayed as a messenger between heaven and earth, bringing joy to the hills, flowers, and fields. The poem explores themes of renewal, interconnectedness, and the cycle of life, with the rain symbolizing both the joy and melancholy that accompany growth and transformation. Gibran's lyrical style highlights the rain's gentle, yet powerful role in nature's harmony.

The extract "My Childhood" from Wings of Fire by A.P.J. Abdul Kalam recounts key moments from his early life in Rameswaram. He reflects on his upbringing in a middle-class Muslim family, the influence of his parents, and the values of honesty, kindness, and self-discipline that shaped his character. The narrative also touches on his friendships with boys from Hindu Brahmin families, highlighting the communal harmony in his town despite social differences. Kalam shares his experiences of social discrimination and how his teachers and elders, particularly Sivasubramania Iyer and Lakshmana Sastry, encouraged him to challenge these barriers, fostering in him a sense of equality and determination. Through these childhood memories, Kalam emphasizes the significance of moral values, early education, and the influence of role models.